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1 December 2024 10 27am Small scale mining is essentially an artisanal or small industrial form of raw material extraction In Ghana there are about 300 registered small scale mining groups
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The sector directly contributed % of Ghana s total corporate tax earnings % of government revenue and 6% GDP in 2024 The sector employs 28 000 people in the large scale mining industry whilst over 1 000 000 people are engaged in the small scale gold diamonds sand winning and quarry industries
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While the engagement of Chinese migrants in small scale mining in Ghana has gained traction in scholarship the extant literature pays little attention to how the relationship between the so called formal institutions the Minerals Commission and Ministry of Land and Natural Resources and informal institutions the chieftaincy and customary land institutions enables illegalities
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Small scale mining is a source of livelihood for hundreds of thousands of workers and millions of dependents in Ghana However in 2024 a government ban was issued on small scale mining directed at both licensed and unlicensed miners based on the fact that the mining causes both water and air pollution In this blogpost Eric Tei Kumandoe from the University of Ghana describes how the ban has
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Small scale mining in Ghana has been listed as illegal due to lack of effective policies made by the Government The government had recently lifted a ban on all illegal mining activities in Ghana The government urged the miners to give them ample time to monitor the developments in the sector before implementing the five year Multilateral Mining Integrated Project
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privatisation policy small scale gold mining was legitimised and reserved for Ghanaians only This study ascertains the motivation for the ban of small scale gold mining and how the changing ownership policies have contributed to the current state of the sector s informalisation To achieve the study s aim thirty one industry actors were
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Small scale mining of precious minerals continues to make significant contributions to the country s foreign exchange earnings For example total gold production by small scale miners had risen from % in 1989 to 18% of the national production in 2024 As has been said earlier all diamond production is now from small scale mining As a
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A license for small scale mining is however granted only to a citizen of the Republic of Ghana who has attained the age of 18 years and is registered by the office of the Minerals Commission in an area designated and known as the District Office No foreigner under any circumstances is allowed to participate in the small scale mining industry
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Ghana s mining industry was state controlled from 1957 to 1986 After independence the government set up the State Gold Mining Corporation SGMC and the Ghana National Manganese Marketing Corporation GNMC SGMC was established in 1961 to acquire five gold mines Bibiani Tarkwa Prestea Konongo and Dunkwa mines from British companies
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Mining Cadastre The implementation of Mining Cadastre Administration System MCAS at the Minerals Commission seeks to improve and strengthen current levels of compliance checks and license administration procedures and practices READ MORE Industry Statistics Monthly statistics of Gold produced and transported by the various mining companies on both small scale and large scale in Ghana […]
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Artisanal and small scale mining has a long history in Ghana It was only in 1989 however that government recognised its legitimacy through the Small scale Mining Act PNDCL 218 later integrated into the current Mining Act 703 2024 The act provides a blueprint for its formalisation It also reserves small scale mining for Ghanaians The
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2024 Act 703 This requires that a small scale mining license applicant must be a citizen of Ghana and must be at least 18 years old The duration of a small scale mining license is five years and renewable upon satisfactory performance during the first term Minerals Commission 2024 Note that artisanal and small scale
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The industry accounts for 35% of the country s total gold production Although Ghana requires permits to mine on a small scale it is estimated that about 70% of small scale miners are unregistered and operate illegally They are known locally as galamsey meaning to gather and sell While illegal mining supports livelihoods it has
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information on small scale gold mining in Ghana The third examines the rise of foreign involvement in the sector especially by irregular Chinese miners The fourth section looks at the impact on the ASM sector of foreign involvement while the fifth considers the adverse consequences for low income Ghanaians The sixth section examines why and how the illegal grabbing of Ghana s gold
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SSM of gold in Ghana is a pre historic activity which can be traced to the 5th Century Discouraged in the colonial era till 1989 This led to Secret Activities and Smuggling of Proceeds outside the country In 1989 SSM Activities were mainstreamed through promulgation of the Small Scale Gold Mining Law PNDCL 218 1989 In 2024 SSM regime was integrated into the new Minerals and Mining Act
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We argue that the Ghanaian state uses strong arm measures against artisanal and small scale mining ASM operators particularly the subaltern classes engaged in the industry for survival
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FINAL COMMUNIQUE 1 Under the auspices of the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources of the Government of Ghana a National Consultative Dialogue on Small Scale Mining was held from 14th to 15th April 2024 at the Accra International Conference Centre pursuant to the vision of the President of the Republic Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo Addo to organize a national discourse to solicit diverse
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Small scale mining of precious minerals continues to make significant contributions to the country s foreign exchange earnings For example total gold production by artisanal and small scale miners had risen from % in 1989 to 34% of the Ensuring Mining Contributes To Sustainable Development 12 Minerals Mining Policy of Ghana
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Abstract Since 1989 when small scale mining in Ghana was legalised a lot of interest has been generated in the sector because of it s socio economic benefits However owing to lack of the necessary training and inadequate financial base on the part of small scale operators most operations are poorly managed environmentally
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May 22 2021Accra May 22 GNA Mrs Georgette B Sakyi Addo President of Women in Mining WIM Ghana has called for the recognition of women in Artisanal and Small Scale Mining ASM We must recognise that women are involved in artisanal and small scale mining and it is time to pay attention to their needs assist them with access to the requisite
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The 2024 State of the Artisanal and Small Scale Mining Sector is a collaboration between the World Bank Energy and Extractive Industries Global Practice Pact Surrey Business School University of Surrey the Crawford School of Public Policy Australian National University and Urban Studies and Planning University of Sheffield The lead report authors were Prof Gavin Hilson University of
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Ghana For centuries mining of gold and other metals has been characterised by individual group or family ownership in local communities before the introduction of foreign large scale operations during and after British colonial rule The passage of The Small scale Gold Mining Law 1989 218 officially legalised the
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In Ghana small scale mining is defined as mining by any method not involving substantial expenditure by an individual or a group of persons not exceeding nine in number or by a corporate society made up of 10 or more persons Provisional National Defence Council [PNDC] Law 218 1989
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Small scale mining licences may only be issued to Ghanaian citizens They must be at least 18 years old and must be registered by the office of the Minerals Commission in an area designated for small scale mining operations
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Small scale gold mining in Ghana was given legal backing in 1989 through the Small Scale Gold Mining Law PNDC Law 218 which set out the conditions under which small scale mining in gold could be undertaken According to the law no licence for small scale gold mining operation shall be granted to …any person who is not a citizen of Ghana Thus the law restricted small scale gold
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These had been calling for among other measures the need to criminalize the activities of illegal small scale gold mining This mining method had resulted in chronic contamination of our watersheds rivers lands soils and ecosystems amidst several social vices that come with these activities in various mining communities
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Seeking to ban metals mining or even artisanal small scale mining alone thus ignores the key role the sector plays in providing livelihoods for the most vulnerable This is especially the case in a country where unemployment amongst 15 24 year olds stands at around 50% Lost revenues Illegal mining also results in huge sums of lost revenue
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Small scale mining permits can be acquired for a parcel of land by Ghanaian citizens who are over 18 years old Ghana Government 1989a Although the process is available roughly 85% of Ghana s small scale mines do not register for these permits Hilson and Potter 2024
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The NPP now in opposition capitalised on the small scale mining community s perceived alienation in the next elections by pointing fingers at Mills broken promises Importantly just as the NDC did in 2024 the NPP s campaign strategy for the 2024 elections was couched in a language that pointed to its support for galamsey even if unintentionally During a campaign trip to Obuasi
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Ghana s artisanal and small scale mining ASM sector continues to grow in size and significance Its contribution to wealth creation employment and the economy make it one of the nation s most important livelihood activities directly employing an estimated one million people and supporting approximately million more
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